The most spectacular of Rome’s fountains, immortalised by Anita Ekberg ‘s midnight dip in Fellini’s classic film “La dolce vita” (The Sweet Life). The fountain was designed to show off the acqueduct of the Acqua Vergine built by Marco Vipsiano Agrippa in 19 b.C. to supply water to the thermal baths which he built close to the Pantheon. The water was named Vergin after the legend telling of a young girl who showed the original spring to a group of thirsty Roman soldiers. The first fountain to take the waters of the Acqua Vergine was built in 1453 for pope Nicholas V, designed by Giovan Battista Alberti in the spot called “of the Trejo” and through the years it took the name of Trevi.

The square is one of the characteristic spots of the city and offers a splendid panorama on the center of Rome. Dominated by the façade of the church of the Trinità dei Monti, built in 1502 and consecrated in 1587 by Sisto V, that made of it a focal point of his ambitious urbanistic plan. From here began the Via Felice, then Sistina, straight road that led pilgrims to the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.

“Il più bel resto dell’antichità romana è senza dubbio il Pantheon. Questo tempio ha così poco sofferto, che ci appare come dovettero vederlo alla loro epoca i romani. . Credo che questa volta immensa, sospesa sulla testa senza apparente sostegno, dia agli sciocchi il senso della paura; ma ben presto si tranquillizzano e dicono: “E’ per farmi piacere che si son presi la pena di darmi una sensazione così forte!“

Stendhal, Passeggiate Romane

Rome’s most characteristic square; The whole district, with its narrow streets, dark lanes and its closed palaces, witnesses of a glorious past and of traditions full of charm to us. The history of the square goes back to Ancient Rome. In this area rose the large Circus of the Emperor Domitian. As a matter of fact the vast elliptical shape of the square matches exactly the outlines of the circus. Here were carried out mock sea battles, grandiose public shows, games etc. In the following centuries, although the complex fell into ruins, the site was still a favourite spot by the Romans.

La Plaza de San Pedro es un punto esencial para cualquier visitante a Roma, que se sentirá sobrecogido ante la majestuosidad arquitectónica del entorno. El Vaticano es un minúsculo estado independiente enclavado en el corazón de la capital italiana.

According to tradition it was founded by the emperor Constantine in 320 using one large chamber of the Sessorian Palace to house the relics brought by his mother Helen from Jerusalem. After the edict of Milan which in 313 declared freedom of worship even to Christians, Rome became the new capital of Christianity.

Hadrian had it built as a mausoleum for himself and his family. In order to have an easy access to this sepulchre from the area of Campo Marzio a bridge was built crossing the Tiber river, the Elio Bridge, which was inaugurated in 134 A.D. The construction of the mausoleum was completed after the death of Hadrian (138 A. D.), in 139 A. D., by Antoninus Pius: immediately after his death Hadrian was buried in another place at Pozzuoli (near Naples).

The first circus used for chariot races lying in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills is said to have been built by king Tarquinius Priscus even if there are testimonies of similar races held at the time of Romulus. The track was originally bordered by banks of wooden seats. Later the starting stalls (carceres), the spina, which divided the racecourse, and stone seats were added to the older structure.

The Flavian Amphitheatre, better known as the Colosseum, is probably the most famous monument in the world: this elliptical colossal construction, with a height of 48mt, has impressed and fascinated men of all Ages. It was with no doubt the most favourite place by the Romans, who came to prefer above all other entertainment the slaughter of men armed to kill and be killed for their amusement.

The amphitheatre consisted of four floors. The first floor was 11,50mt high adorned by halfcolumns of the Doric order.

The site of the Forum was a marshy and unhealthy valley which lay roughly at the centre of a circle of hills upon which grew small villages. Their inhabitants used the valley as a burial ground. In the VII cent b.C., under the Etruscan king Tarquin the Elder, the stagnant water in the Forum was drained into the Tiber through a channel which was to become the great Sewer Cloaca Maxima, it was paved and became a real square at the centre of a town. The buildings we see today in the Forum do not date back to the same period and were not discovered at the same time.

One of the most important museum complexes in the world, it is divided into numerous splendidly arranged sections containing masterpieces by the greatest artists, collected or commissioned by Popes down through the centuries. At the end is the Sistine Chapel, in which the recent restoration has bought to light the original colors of the vault and Michelangelo’s Last Judgement, darkened by time.Viale Vaticano
phone 06 69 88 49 47
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Hours
January, February, November and December 10.00 – 13.45, last admission 12.30. Sun closed.

From March to October 10.00 – 16.45 (last admission 15.20), Sat 10.00-14.45, last admission 13.30.Sun closed.

Closed January 1st and 6th , February 11th, March 19th , Easter Monday, May 1st , June 29th , August 15th and 16th , November 1st, December 8th, 25th and 26th and on other religious holidays.

Vatican Gardens: info and reservations 06 69 88 44 66 – fax 06 69 88 51 00

Admission Euro 13,00, reduced Euro 8,00, free of charge

The square takes its name from the famous Mouth of Truth, the maskaron which is inside the porch of the church of St. Mary in Cosmedin. According to a famous Roman legend the threatening mouth would snap shut on the hand of the liers. The square is in the middle of an ancient commercial area between Rome and the harbour along the river by the Tiber Island and the Emporium, the warehouse.

Leaving St. Paul’s gate (Porta San Paolo) along the Via Ostiense, stands the original Pyramid of Caius Cestius , a burial monument that this official who was in charge of the sacred banquets had erected as his own tomb between 18 and 12b.C. It is 37mt. high, built in imitation of the Egyptian pyramids, that were in fashion in Rome after the conquest of Egypt (30 to C.). It is built of a very firm composition of mortar and small stones faced with tablets of white marble. The original entrance was effected by means of an inclined shaft about halfway up the northern side of the Pyramid.

The huge rectangular area occupied by the Baths, erected between 298 and 306 A.D., is of approximately 140,000sqm, excluding the tanks, discovered in Piazza dei Cinquecento, fed by the water of the aqueduct of the Aqua Marcia. Built in brick stone, the baths could accommodate up to 3000 people simultaneously. The huge thermal complex housed a central building with calidarium, tepidarium and natatio (rooms for hot or warm baths and swimming pools filled with cold water, partly preserved) disposed along the short axis, and gymnasiums on both sides of the long axis, with a large court all around used as garden.